It was a matter of great pride to them that God had given the Law to the Jews (Rom 2:17) but Jesus pointed out that there is a huge difference between receiving the Law and keeping it. The Jews had been amazed that Jesus was unlearned in the Law and they boasted of their own great knowledge of it and “yet” none of them could keep it.

Rom 2:17  Now you, if you call yourself a Jew; if you rely on the law and brag about your relationship to God;

“Why are you trying to kill me?” = This is a sudden and unexpected question which illustrates their violation of the Law of Moses. The last time Jesus had been in Jerusalem, the Jews had rejected Him in spite of the fact that the scriptures and Moses had testified for Him. (John 5:39, 45-47) Because of their rejection of what Moses had written concerning Jesus, they rejected what Jesus did and said, and sought to kill Him for it. (John 5:18)